Led by Professor Hoon Eui Jeong of the Department of Mechanical Engineering, the team introduced an innovative design integrating liquid metal microchannels with microstructured silicone elastomers. The patch features a spiral-shaped liquid metal channel—about 20 micrometers wide—that directly contacts the skin through an open-bottom structure.

This configuration enables direct transmission of cardiac signals to the electrodes, ensuring high-fidelity recording even during intense physical activity.

To prevent liquid metal leakage, the researchers incorporated inwardly curled horizontal microstructures at the base of the channels. This structural feature effectively contains the liquid metal, maintaining device integrity under pressure. Moreover, the ultra-thin microchannels—less than 20 micrometers thick—prevent the patch from feeling cold or uncomfortable against the skin.