Overlooked ‘off switch’ in lung tumors may explain why immunotherapy doesn’t work for everyone

An overlooked mechanism in lung cancer tumors may help explain why most patients don't respond to immunotherapy, according to new research led by Olga Anczuków, professor at The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine in Farmington, Connecticut, and deputy director of the NCI-designated Jackson Laboratory Cancer Center.

The JAX team includes co-senior author Karolina Palucka, professor and director of the NCI-designated Jackson Laboratory Cancer Center, and Ryan P. Englander, the study’s first author and a graduate student at The Jackson Laboratory enrolled in the UConn Health MD-Ph.D. graduate program.

Published in Science, the study shows that lung tumors can disable a key gene called STAT2, not through mutations, but instead by altering how its RNA instructions are processed through a mechanism known as RNA splicing. Using long-read RNA sequencing, the team discovered thousands of previously unrecognized RNA variants in lung tumors.

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