Now, scientists at the La Jolla Institute for Immunology in California report that a live-attenuated flu vaccine administered as a nasal spray may establish a durable local immune memory in the respiratory tract, potentially strengthening defenses where the infection starts.

Tumor cells can lapse into a sleep-like state and thereby evade the destructive effect of cancer drugs. In some types of the disease, such as certain forms of lung cancer, this state is triggered by stress hormones in the body. Inside the cancer cells, glucocorticoid receptors recognize the hormones, and the cells respond by lapsing into a state in which they undergo barely any division. This renders many treatments ineffective.

Scientists are attempting to switch off these receptors with a view to waking the cancer cells up from sleep—making them vulnerable to attack.

Prostate-targeted, engineered nanoparticles made of amorphous silica are effective in killing prostate tumors directly while enhancing antitumor immunity, according to a preclinical study led by investigators at Weill Cornell Medicine and the Cornell Duffield College of Engineering.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been used for more than three decades to treat motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. Today, more than 200,000 patients worldwide have been implanted with these systems, which continuously deliver electrical stimulation to specific deep-brain regions to reduce rigidity and tremor. Yet despite its clinical success, conventional deep brain stimulation remains limited in its ability to address one of the disease’s most disabling symptoms: walking impairments.

Monash University researchers have found in laboratory experiments that a drug that delivers copper to the brain significantly reduces toxic Alzheimer’s proteins and improves long-term spatial memory.

There are few treatment options available for people with disorders of the esophagus. Delivering drugs directly to this part of the body is difficult, so patients are usually treated with systemic drugs, which can have unwanted side effects.

Following infection, the Ebola virus can survive unnoticed in the human body for months or even years, hiding in areas with little immune surveillance like the central nervous system.

Glucosamine use is associated with a 25% higher odds that a person will progress from mild cognitive impairment to dementia and Alzheimer’s disease, researchers report in the journal Nature Metabolism.